Southern Province has the largest coal belts in Zambia, with deposits located in the Mid-Zambezi Valley. The most recent estimates of resources at Maamba Mine, the largest producer, indicate 166 million tonnes at the Izuma and Kanzinze Basins. Currently, active coal exploitation is occurring at the Izuma Basin by Maamba Collieries Limited (MCL) and at Nkandabwe by Collum Coal Mining Industries Limited (CCMIL). Other coal fields within the Zambezi Valley include Mulungwa, Siankondobo, Chisanga, Chamana, and Siambabala. It is for this reason that Southern Province has over the years seen increased mining activities. The status of the province has shifted from being predominantly agriculture to include mining. From the time of the liberalized economy in 1991 and the implementation of the 1995 Mining Policy through to the current Mineral Resources Development Policy of 2013, the Province has continued
to experience increased participation in the mining sector with players in mineral exploration and
exploitation. Coal is used as an alloy with metals such as aluminum and copper Important non
metallurgical uses include battery cathodes, soft ferrites used in electronics, micro nutrients in
fertilizers, micro nutrients in animal feed, water treatment chemicals, colorant for automobile undercoating, bricks, frits, glass, textiles, and tiles.
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